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Wadi Musa (Petra) According to one account, Moses led the Israelites through
Wadi Musa on the way to the Promised Land. Several sites here are related to this,
including Ain Musa, the Spring of Moses, and Jebel Haroon, where Moses brother
Aaron died. Not far from these is the summit of Umm el-Biyara, associated with biblical
Sela (the Rock), and renamed Joktheel by King Amaziah of Judah after he defeated ten
thousand Edomites there. Wadi Musa, or the Valley of Moses, is also the home of
Petraone of the ancient worlds most spectacular sites. Petra, the
"rose-red city half as old as time," is a hidden stronghold filled with
magnificent tombs and buildings hewn out of the valleys stone cliffs. Petra became
the capital of the Nabatean empire, and it flourished for many years as a trading center.
When the Nabatean empire came under the control of the Romans, the Arabian capital moved
from Petra to Bostra, and Petra lost much of its importance. During the Byzantine era,
Petra was a bishopric, but the city was abandoned after the Byzantine empire lost its
power. Nearby crusader forts indicate that Petra was an important stop on 12th
century caravan routes, but with the decline of the crusaders Petra became lost to the
western world until its rediscovery by the Swiss explorer Burckhardt in the early 19th
century. |